Weekly Current Affairs (April 2026 – Week 2) – Exam Revision Notes
1) National Current Affairs
BSF Explores Deploying Reptiles for Border Security Along Bangladesh Border
The Border Security Force (BSF) has been directed to explore the feasibility of deploying reptiles — specifically snakes and crocodiles — in riverine and low-lying stretches along the India–Bangladesh border to curb infiltration and cross-border crimes. The proposal comes directly from the Home Ministry.
The idea addresses a specific geographic problem: while large sections of the India–Bangladesh border can be fenced, riverine terrain makes conventional fencing impractical. Reptiles in these water bodies could act as a natural deterrent against illegal crossings, smuggling, and infiltration.
Total India–Bangladesh border length: 4,096.7 km. Approved for fencing: 3,326.14 km. Successfully fenced so far: 2,954.56 km. Remaining unfenced: approximately 371 km — primarily riverine and low-lying areas where conventional fencing cannot be built. This gap is what the reptile deployment proposal aims to address.
India’s First-Ever ASISSE Survey for the Services Sector Launched
The National Statistics Office (NSO) under MoSPI has launched the first-ever Annual Survey of Incorporated Services Sector Enterprises (ASISSE) in April 2026. India’s services sector contributes more than half of the country’s GDP and employs millions — yet it has never had a dedicated, comprehensive national survey. ASISSE fills this critical gap.
ASISSE covers all States and Union Territories with the reference period of financial year 2024–25. It targets approximately 1.21 lakh enterprises — including companies registered under the Companies Act and Limited Liability Partnerships (LLPs). The survey uses the GSTN database as its sampling frame to ensure wide and accurate coverage. Key sectors covered include trade, transport, hospitality, IT, education, and health. The data collected will provide economic and operational indicators to help policymakers understand the true size and structure of India’s incorporated services economy.
BRO’s Project Chetak Celebrates 47th Raising Day
Project Chetak of the Border Roads Organisation (BRO) celebrated its 47th Raising Day on April 4, 2026, at Bikaner, Rajasthan. Established in 1980, Project Chetak operates in Rajasthan, Punjab, and Northern Gujarat, with the primary mission of building and maintaining roads near the international border to support defence forces. The project maintains over 4,000 km of ditch-cum-bund — a critical defensive and logistical infrastructure along India’s western frontier.
Sadhana Saptah 2026 – “Ham Bane Karmyogi”
The Government of India organised Sadhana Saptah 2026 from April 2 to 8, 2026 — a national capacity-building initiative for civil servants aimed at promoting citizen-centric governance. The theme was “Ham Bane Karmyogi” (We Become Karmayogi), implemented under the Mission Karmayogi platform.
About Mission Karmayogi: Also known as the National Programme for Civil Services Capacity Building (NPCSCB), it was launched in September 2020 to transform India’s civil services into a future-ready, citizen-centric, and efficient workforce. The programme shifts training from rule-based to role-based learning — building the competencies civil servants actually need for their specific jobs.
Yuva Sangam Phase-VI – Youth Exchange Under Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat
The Government is implementing Yuva Sangam Phase-VI (2026) under the Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat (EBSB) initiative. The programme brings youth from different States and Union Territories together for experiential learning, promoting national integration, cross-cultural understanding, and connecting young people with governance, innovation, and India’s diverse cultural heritage — directly aligned with the NEP 2020 vision of experiential learning.
Zool Festival Celebrated in Jammu & Kashmir – The Torch Festival of Sufi Tradition
The Zool Festival, a centuries-old Sufi tradition, was celebrated on April 2, 2026 at the Aishmuqam shrine in Anantnag district, Jammu & Kashmir. The festival is dedicated to Baba Zain-ud-Din-Wali, a disciple of Sheik Noor-ud-Din Wali (the patron saint of Kashmir). Also known as the “Torch Festival” or “Illumination Festival”, the Zool Festival is a living example of Kashmir’s syncretic spiritual heritage — blending devotion, light, and community gathering in a tradition that has survived for centuries.
Cabinet Approves Two Major Hydropower Projects in Arunachal Pradesh – Total 2,920 MW
The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) approved two major hydropower projects in Arunachal Pradesh, adding a combined capacity of 2,920 MW to India’s clean energy portfolio. Arunachal Pradesh holds an estimated hydropower potential of over 50,000 MW — the largest in India — and these projects take another significant step toward harnessing it.
Location: Lohit River, Anjaw District. Capacity: 1,200 MW. Investment: ₹14,105.83 crore. Annual Generation: 4,852.95 MU. Significance: This is the first hydropower project in the Lohit Basin — a major milestone for a river basin that was previously untapped for energy generation.
Kamala Hydro Electric Project:
Location: Kamla River, Kra Daadi and Kurung Kumey districts. Capacity: 1,720 MW. Investment: ₹26,069.50 crore. Annual Generation: 6,870 MU.
Other Major Hydropower Projects in Arunachal Pradesh: Etalin (3,097 MW), Dibang Multipurpose (2,880 MW), Subansiri Lower (2,000 MW).
1,500-Year-Old Stepped Reservoir Unearthed at Elephanta Island – Kalachuri Dynasty Coins Found
The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) unearthed a remarkable 1,500-year-old stepped reservoir at Elephanta Island near Mumbai during excavations. The reservoir is approximately 14.7 metres long, T-shaped, excavated to 5 metres depth, and contains around 20 stone steps — reflecting sophisticated ancient water management and engineering.
The excavation revealed brick structures (possibly dyeing vats), terracotta figurines, glass and stone bangles, and beads made of carnelian and quartz. Around 3,000 amphorae sherds of Mediterranean origin were discovered — direct physical evidence of Elephanta Island’s ancient trade connections with the Roman world. About 60 coins in copper, silver, and lead were found, some belonging to Krishnaraja of the Kalachuri dynasty (6th century CE).
About the Kalachuri Dynasty:
The Kalachuris ruled central and western India from approximately the 6th to 12th centuries CE. Their early capital was at Mahishmati (present-day Madhya Pradesh). Later branches ruled from Tripuri (near Jabalpur) and parts of Maharashtra and Chhattisgarh. They were known for patronising Shaivism, advancing temple architecture, issuing inscribed coins, and maintaining a sophisticated administrative system. The presence of Kalachuri coins at Elephanta confirms the dynasty’s reach into the western coastal trade economy.
2) Andhra Pradesh Current Affairs
Andhra Pradesh to Host International Dragon Boat League 2026 in Rajamahendravaram
Andhra Pradesh is set to host the International Dragon Boat League (IDBL) 2026 in Rajamahendravaram on the Godavari River, beginning May 30, 2026, over three days. The event is expected to bring nearly 1,000 athletes from around 25 countries, making it one of the largest international water sports events ever held in the state. It will be organised by the State Government in collaboration with the Indian Kayaking & Canoeing Association (IKCA). Hosting this event places Andhra Pradesh firmly on the global water sports map and generates significant tourism and cultural visibility for the Godavari riverfront.
Battle of Vizagapatnam (1804) – Naval History off the Andhra Coast
The Battle of Vizagapatnam (September 1804) was a significant naval engagement fought off the coast of present-day Visakhapatnam during the global Napoleonic Wars. French warships attacked British merchant ships anchored near the Vizagapatnam coast (roadstead), while the British naval escort resisted the assault. Though the engagement was limited in scale, it revealed the vulnerability of the Indian Ocean trade routes at a time when Britain and France were locked in a global contest for maritime dominance. The battle is an important piece of Visakhapatnam’s maritime history — demonstrating that the city’s strategic importance as a port and naval location stretches back over two centuries.
India’s First Quantum Reference Facility to be Launched in AP on World Quantum Day
India’s first Quantum Reference Facility — the country’s first quantum computing testing infrastructure — is set to be dedicated to the nation on April 14, 2026 (World Quantum Day). The facility is being developed under the Amaravati Quantum Valley Programme of the Andhra Pradesh government, located at SRM University, Andhra Pradesh (Amaravati region), in collaboration with the Amaravati Quantum Research Facility and Qubit Force.
With approximately 50 researchers, scientists, and students involved, this facility positions AP as a national leader in quantum computing research. It aligns directly with India’s National Quantum Mission (₹6,003 crore over 8 years) and signals the state’s ambition to become a technology hub at the cutting edge of emerging sciences.
3) Polity & Governance
PM Modi Becomes India’s Longest-Serving Elected Leader – A Constitutional Perspective
Narendra Modi has completed 8,931 days in public elected office — combining his tenure as Chief Minister of Gujarat (2001–2014) and Prime Minister of India (2014–present). This surpasses the record of Pawan Kumar Chamling, the former Chief Minister of Sikkim, making Modi one of the longest-serving elected leaders in independent India’s history.
The Indian Constitution imposes no term limit on the offices of Prime Minister or Chief Ministers. The PM continues in office as long as he or she commands the confidence of the Lok Sabha. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar explained this design choice clearly: in a parliamentary system, executive accountability is ensured through no-confidence motions, parliamentary questions, and periodic elections — not through fixed term limits as in presidential systems.
Emerging Debate:
The Tenth Schedule (Anti-Defection Law) restricts legislators from voting against their party leadership — even on no-confidence motions. Critics argue this weakens Parliament’s effectiveness as a check on executive power, since MPs risk disqualification for crossing party lines. This tension between anti-defection rules and parliamentary accountability has become an important governance debate.
Interesting Contrast: The President of India also has no constitutional term limit, but by convention Presidents generally serve a maximum of two terms. The PM has neither a constitutional limit nor such a convention.
Constitution of India Released in Sindhi Language – Now Available in All 22 Scheduled Languages
On Sindhi Bhasha Diwas (April 10, 2026), the updated version of the Constitution of India was released in the Sindhi language by Vice President C.P. Radhakrishnan at the Vice-President’s Enclave. With this release, the Indian Constitution is now available in all 22 languages listed in the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution — fulfilling a long-standing commitment to linguistic accessibility of India’s foundational legal document.
The release was done in two scripts: Devanagari Script (First Edition) and Persian Script (Second Edition) — acknowledging that Sindhi is written in both scripts by different communities. This initiative ensures that even citizens whose primary literacy is in Sindhi can access and understand their constitutional rights in their own language.
4) Economy
World Bank Revises India’s Growth Forecast to 6.6% for FY27 – West Asia Conflict the Main Cause
The World Bank has revised India’s GDP growth forecast for FY 2026–27 downward to 6.6%, from the earlier projection of 7.2%. The revision is primarily driven by the ongoing conflict in West Asia (the Middle East), which is disrupting global energy markets, raising oil and LPG prices, and weakening export demand from Gulf countries — all of which directly affect India’s economy.
Industrial growth is expected to slow from 8.8% to 7.5%. The most affected sectors are manufacturing (electronics, automobiles), business services, and food and accommodation services — all facing higher input costs, particularly from elevated LPG prices, and reduced orders from Gulf-based buyers.
Regional Context:
The broader South Asian region is also expected to see growth slow — from 7% in 2025 to 6.3% in 2026. The World Bank’s projection assumes that disruption in global energy markets will continue through the end of 2026.
5) Science & Technology
PFBR Achieves First Criticality – India’s Three-Stage Nuclear Programme Reaches a Historic Milestone
India achieved a landmark in its nuclear energy programme when the 500 MWe Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR) at Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu attained first criticality on April 6, 2026. First criticality is the precise moment when a nuclear reactor achieves a self-sustaining, controlled nuclear fission chain reaction for the first time — the crucial technical gate before full power generation begins.
The PFBR was designed by the Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR) and represents one of the most advanced pieces of indigenous nuclear technology in the world.
The PFBR uses Uranium-Plutonium Mixed Oxide (MOX) fuel as its core fuel. It is surrounded by a Uranium-238 blanket which absorbs neutrons and converts into Plutonium-239 — producing more fissile fuel than the reactor consumes. This “breeding” concept means that over time, the reactor generates its own fuel supply, making it extraordinarily valuable for a country like India that has limited uranium reserves but substantial thorium deposits.
India’s Three-Stage Nuclear Programme:
Stage 1: Pressurised Heavy Water Reactors (PHWRs) using natural uranium — already operational across India.
Stage 2: Fast Breeder Reactors (like PFBR) using plutonium produced in Stage 1, breeding more fuel from Uranium-238.
Stage 3: Advanced Heavy Water Reactors (AHWRs) using thorium — India’s most abundant nuclear resource.
The PFBR is the critical bridge between Stage 1 and Stage 3. Without it, India cannot build up enough plutonium to eventually transition to its massive thorium reserves. This is why first criticality is not just a milestone — it is a generational breakthrough for India’s long-term energy security.
Scientists Develop Frog-Inspired Neuromorphic Sensor – A Breakthrough in Smart Electronics
Scientists from the Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR) have developed a humidity-responsive neuromorphic sensor inspired by frogs — specifically cricket frogs, whose activity depends on both moisture and light conditions. This is being described as the first device in the world where humidity is used as a primary stimulus to mimic synaptic (brain-like) behaviour.
In conventional electronics, sensing, processing, and memory are three separate functions handled by separate components. This neuromorphic sensor integrates all three functions in a single device — just as the brain processes sensory input, stores information, and reacts, all simultaneously. The sensor detects changes in humidity, “remembers” previous signals, and responds accordingly — using Supramolecular nanofibers as its core material. Applications range from smart environmental monitoring and prosthetics to advanced robotics and brain-computer interfaces.
6) Schemes
PM-UDAY Scheme – 1,511 Unauthorised Delhi Colonies to Be Regularised, Benefiting 45 Lakh Residents
The Government has decided to regularise 1,511 unauthorised colonies in Delhi on an “as-is where-is” basis, directly benefiting approximately 45 lakh residents who will receive legal ownership and housing rights. This builds upon the PM-UDAY Scheme (2019) — the Pradhan Mantri Unauthorised Colonies in Delhi Awas Adhikar Yojana — which was originally launched to grant property ownership rights to residents of such colonies.
Out of 1,731 unauthorised colonies in Delhi, 1,511 are now eligible for regularisation (the remaining are excluded due to legal or environmental restrictions). Colonies will be regularised without requiring approved layout plans — a major relief that removes the biggest bureaucratic obstacle residents had faced for decades. All plots will be treated as residential land use. Residents will be allowed to undertake construction, redevelop houses, and get building plans approved — meaning homes that existed in a legal grey area for generations will now have full property rights, enabling residents to access bank loans, sell property formally, and invest in improvements.
PMMY Completes 11 Years – ₹40 Lakh Crore Disbursed, Two-Thirds of Loans to Women
The Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY) completed 11 years on April 8, 2026. Launched in 2015 with the objective of “Funding the Unfunded”, PMMY provides collateral-free loans to small entrepreneurs for non-corporate, non-farm income-generating activities. In 11 years, the scheme has disbursed an extraordinary ₹40.07 lakh crore through 57.79 crore loans — making it one of the largest financial inclusion programmes in world history. Critically, nearly two-thirds of all loans have been sanctioned to women entrepreneurs, reflecting the scheme’s strong gender-inclusion impact.
Shishu: Up to ₹50,000 — for businesses just starting out.
Kishor: ₹50,000 to ₹5 lakh — for growing enterprises.
Tarun: ₹5 lakh to ₹10 lakh — for established small businesses.
Tarun Plus: ₹10 lakh to ₹20 lakh — introduced in 2024–25 for successful Tarun repayers who need more capital to scale up.
Womaniya Initiative – Women Entrepreneurs Cross ₹28,000 Crore on Government e-Marketplace
The Womaniya Initiative, launched in 2019, enables women entrepreneurs and Self-Help Groups (SHGs) to sell directly to government buyers through the Government e-Marketplace (GeM). The goal is simple but transformative: give women-led micro-enterprises access to the government’s massive procurement budget — the largest and most reliable buyer in the country.
Over 2.1 lakh women MSEs registered on GeM. Total order volume reached 13.7 lakh orders. Total contract value exceeded ₹28,000 crore. Women-led procurement reached 5.6% — surpassing the 3% target by a significant margin. Products include handicrafts, handloom, jute, home décor, and other items.
About GeM: Launched in 2016, GeM is a fully digital, paperless, cashless, and contactless procurement platform used by Central and State Ministries, PSUs, and Panchayats. It has revolutionised government procurement by removing middlemen and giving direct access to sellers across India.
7) Ranks & Reports
India Ranks 3rd Globally in Renewable Energy Installed Capacity
India has secured the 3rd position globally in Renewable Energy Installed Capacity, surpassing Brazil, as per global statistics for 2025. India’s total renewable energy installed capacity reached approximately 250 GW, while total non-fossil fuel capacity (including large hydro) reached 283.46 GW. In a landmark achievement, India reached 50% of its total installed power capacity from non-fossil sources in 2025 — ahead of its own 2030 target.
Solar Power: 150.26 GW (the single largest component).
Wind Power: 56.09 GW.
Large Hydro: 51.41 GW.
Bio Energy: 11.75 GW.
Small Hydro: 5.17 GW.
Renewable energy met 51.5% of electricity demand at peak (July 2025). Share of non-fossil sources in total electricity generation stood at 29.2% in 2025–26. India’s target: 500 GW non-fossil fuel capacity by 2030.
National Household Survey 2024 – India’s Textile Market Triples in 14 Years
The Ministry of Textiles released the report “Market for Textiles & Clothing: National Household Survey 2024”. The data reveals impressive growth: India’s total textile market has grown from ₹4.89 lakh crore in 2010 to ₹14.95 lakh crore in 2024 — a near-tripling in 14 years. The domestic market stands at ₹12.02 lakh crore, with household demand accounting for ₹8.77 lakh crore. Per capita textile demand has risen sharply from ₹2,119 in 2010 to ₹6,066 in 2024 — reflecting rising incomes, aspirations, and consumption levels across India.
NITI Aayog Report: Women’s Credit Portfolio Grows 4.8x Since 2017 – ₹76 Lakh Crore
NITI Aayog released the report “From Borrowers to Builders: Women and India’s Evolving Credit Market” on April 7, 2026, prepared with TransUnion CIBIL and MicroSave Consulting. The headline finding: women in India now hold a total credit portfolio of ₹76 lakh crore, accounting for 26% of total system credit. This exposure has grown 4.8 times since 2017 — one of the fastest expansions in financial inclusion seen anywhere in Asia.
Credit-active women borrowers have grown at a 9% CAGR between 2017 and 2025. Credit penetration among women has more than doubled — from 19% in 2017 to 36% in 2025. Women are shifting from microfinance loans to retail and business loans — a sign of improved financial capability and confidence. Commercial credit to women entrepreneurs grew at a remarkable 31% CAGR between 2022 and 2025. Growth is also expanding geographically beyond southern states into northern states like Bihar and Uttar Pradesh — showing that financial inclusion is no longer just a southern success story.
Indian Space Situational Assessment Report (ISSAR) 2025 – Space Debris Growing at Record Speed
The Indian Space Situational Assessment Report (ISSAR) 2025 presents a sobering picture of the rapidly congesting orbital environment. The year 2025 saw 315 successful space launches worldwide, with 4,651 objects placed in orbit — the highest-ever single-year deployment of payloads. Around 1,911 objects re-entered the atmosphere, resulting in a net annual growth of 74.5% in space objects — an alarming rate that raises serious concerns about collision risk.
India launched 8 satellites and 4 rocket bodies placed in orbit in 2025. Total Indian satellites in orbit: 86, of which 27 are operational, 23 are defunct (still in orbit), and 36 have decayed (fallen back to Earth). India carried out 563 orbital manoeuvres in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) and 519 manoeuvres in Geostationary Orbit (GEO) to avoid collisions and manage its space assets. The IRNSS-1D satellite was decommissioned above geosynchronous orbit. India’s ongoing space debris mitigation efforts — including the DFSM (Debris Free Space Mission) targeting zero debris by 2030 and the NETRA tracking network — are responses to exactly the trends this report documents.
8) Defence
INS Aridhaman (S4) Commissioned – India Completes Nuclear Triad
India commissioned INS Aridhaman (S4), its third nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine (SSBN) of the Arihant-class, in Visakhapatnam in the presence of Defence Minister Rajnath Singh. With INS Aridhaman joining the fleet, India now possesses a fully operational Nuclear Triad — the ability to deliver nuclear weapons from land, air, and sea simultaneously. This is one of the most significant deterrence milestones in India’s security history.
A nuclear triad provides what strategists call second-strike capability — the ability to absorb a nuclear first strike and still retaliate with devastating force. Land-based and air-based nuclear assets can potentially be located and destroyed in a first strike. Submarine-based weapons, hidden beneath the ocean, are virtually impossible to destroy pre-emptively — making nuclear deterrence credible and stable. India’s No First Use (NFU) doctrine — which means India will never initiate a nuclear strike but will respond overwhelmingly — requires a survivable second-strike capability. The Arihant-class SSBNs provide exactly that.
Only Five Nations Have a Nuclear Triad: India, USA, Russia, China, and France.
Programme Background: Developed under the Advanced Technology Vessel (ATV) Project. Built at Ship Building Centre (SBC), Visakhapatnam. The submarine is part of India’s Strategic Forces Command.
India–Egypt Joint Special Forces Exercise ‘Cyclone-IV’
An Indian Army contingent of 25 Special Forces personnel participated in the fourth edition of the India–Egypt Joint Special Forces Exercise ‘Cyclone-IV’, held from April 9 to 17, 2026 at Anshas, Egypt. The previous edition was held in India, reflecting the growing reciprocal nature of this bilateral exercise. The exercise is part of the broader strengthening of India–Egypt defence cooperation — a relationship that has grown significantly as India expands its strategic partnerships across the Middle East and Africa.
9) Committees & Conferences
SMOPS-2026 International Space Conference in Bengaluru
The second edition of the International Conference on Spacecraft Mission Operations (SMOPS-2026) was held from April 8–10, 2026 in Bengaluru, jointly organised by ISRO, the Astronautical Society of India (ASI), and the International Academy of Astrodynamics (IAA). The theme — “Innovative Operations for Smart and Sustainable Space Mission Management – Next Generation” — reflects the growing complexity of managing satellite missions in an increasingly congested orbital environment. Over 120 oral presentations and 88 poster presentations covered topics including AI and robotics in space, human spaceflight missions, and cybersecurity in space systems.
10) Important Days
World Health Day – 7 April | Theme 2026: “Together for Health: Stand with Science”
World Health Day is observed every year on 7 April to mark the founding of the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1948. The 2026 theme — “Together for Health: Stand with Science” — emphasises that scientific collaboration and evidence-based public health decisions are the foundation of global health progress, particularly important in a world recovering from the COVID-19 pandemic and facing new health threats.
World Homoeopathy Day – 10 April | India Has One of the World’s Largest Homoeopathic Systems
World Homoeopathy Day is observed on 10 April every year, marking the birth anniversary of Dr. Samuel Hahnemann, the founder of homoeopathy. The 2026 theme was “Homoeopathy for Sustainable Health”. Homoeopathy is based on the principle of “Like cures like” — the idea that highly diluted natural substances that would cause symptoms in a healthy person can stimulate self-healing in a sick one.
India has one of the largest homoeopathic healthcare systems in the world: approximately 3.45 lakh registered doctors, over 8,500 dispensaries, 277 educational institutions, and 34 research centres. Homoeopathy was introduced in India around 1810 and has been integrated into India’s AYUSH system of traditional medicine.
11) Person in News
Tô Lâm Elected President of Vietnam
Tô Lâm was elected as the President of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam on April 7, 2026. He is the leader of the Communist Party of Vietnam and his election marks a consolidation of political leadership in the country. Key facts about Vietnam: Official name: Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Capital: Hanoi. Currency: Vietnamese Dong. Major river: Mekong River. Vietnam is one of Asia’s fastest-growing economies and is an important strategic partner for India in the Indo-Pacific region.
12) Sports
C.D. Gopinath, India’s Oldest Living Test Cricketer, Passes Away at 96
Former Indian cricketer C.D. Gopinath, India’s oldest living Test cricketer, passed away at the age of 96 in Chennai. He was part of India’s first-ever Test victory against England in 1952 — a historic match that marked the beginning of India’s journey as a competitive Test nation. His passing marks the end of a direct living link to that pioneering generation of Indian cricketers who established the sport’s foundation in the country.
Quick Revision Table
| Topic | Key Facts |
|---|---|
| BSF – Reptiles at Bangladesh Border | BSF directed to explore deploying snakes and crocodiles in riverine stretches to deter illegal crossings and smuggling • Total India–Bangladesh border: 4,096.7 km • Approved for fencing: 3,326.14 km • Fenced: 2,954.56 km • Remaining unfenced: ~371 km (riverine terrain) — target of reptile deployment |
| ASISSE Survey – First-Ever Services Sector Census | Annual Survey of Incorporated Services Sector Enterprises (ASISSE) launched by NSO/MoSPI in April 2026 • First-ever comprehensive survey of India’s incorporated services sector |
| BRO Project Chetak – 47th Raising Day | 47th Raising Day on April 4, 2026 at Bikaner • Established 1980 • Operates in Rajasthan, Punjab, Northern Gujarat • Supports defence forces by maintaining roads near international border • Maintains 4,000+ km of ditch-cum-bund |
| Sadhana Saptah 2026 | April 2–8, 2026 • Theme: “Ham Bane Karmyogi” • National capacity-building initiative for civil servants |
| Yuva Sangam Phase-VI | Under Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat (EBSB) initiative • Youth exchange programme across States and UTs • Objectives: national integration, experiential learning (aligned with NEP 2020), connect youth with culture, governance, and innovation |
| Zool Festival – J&K | Celebrated April 2, 2026 at Aishmuqam shrine, Anantnag district, J&K • Dedicated to Baba Zain-ud-Din-Wali (disciple of Sheikh Noor-ud-Din Wali — patron saint of Kashmir) • Centuries-old Sufi tradition • Also known as “Torch Festival” or “Illumination Festival” |
| Hydropower Projects – Arunachal Pradesh | CCEA approved two projects totalling 2,920 MW • Kalai-II HEP: Lohit River, Anjaw District, 1,200 MW, ₹14,105.83 crore, first hydro project in Lohit Basin • Kamala HEP: Kamla River, Kra Daadi & Kurung Kumey, 1,720 MW, ₹26,069.50 crore • Other AP projects: Etalin (3,097 MW), Dibang Multipurpose (2,880 MW), Subansiri Lower (2,000 MW) |
| Elephanta Island Excavation | ASI unearthed 1,500-year-old stepped reservoir • T-shaped, 14.7 m long, 5 m deep, 20 stone steps • Found: terracotta figurines, glass/stone bangles, carnelian and quartz beads • 60 coins are found including Kalachuri dynasty coins of Krishnaraja (6th century CE) |
| AP – International Dragon Boat League 2026 | AP to host IDBL 2026 in Rajamahendravaram on Godavari River from May 30, 2026 • 3-day event |
| AP – Quantum Reference Facility | India’s first Quantum Reference Facility • Dedicated on April 14, 2026 (World Quantum Day) • Location: SRM University, AP (Amaravati region) • Under Amaravati Quantum Valley Programme • In collaboration with Amaravati Quantum Research Facility and Qubit Force |
| PM Modi – Longest-Serving Elected Leader | 8,931 days in public elected office (CM Gujarat 2001–2014 + PM 2014–present) • Surpassed Pawan Kumar Chamling (former CM Sikkim) • Constitution has no term limit for PM or CMs — PM continues as long as Lok Sabha confidence is maintained • Ambedkar: accountability via no-confidence motions and elections, not term limits • Anti-Defection Law (10th Schedule) may weaken this idea |
| Constitution in Sindhi Language | Released on Sindhi Bhasha Diwas — April 10, 2026 • By VP C.P. Radhakrishnan • Available in Devanagari Script (1st Edition) and Persian Script (2nd Edition) • Indian Constitution now available in all 22 languages of the Eighth Schedule |
| World Bank – India Growth Forecast | Revised India’s GDP growth to 6.6% for FY 2026–27 (down from 7.2%) • Reason: West Asia conflict disrupting energy markets and Gulf export demand |
| PFBR First Criticality – Kalpakkam | 500 MWe Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor achieved first criticality on April 6, 2026 at Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu • Designed by Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR) • Fuel: Uranium-Plutonium MOX • India’s Three-Stage Nuclear Programme: Stage 1 (PHWRs) → Stage 2 (FBRs like PFBR) → Stage 3 (Thorium-based AHWRs) • PFBR is the bridge between Stage 1 and Stage 3 |
| Frog-Inspired Neuromorphic Sensor | Developed by JNCASR scientists • Humidity-responsive neuromorphic sensor inspired by cricket frogs • First device using humidity as primary stimulus to mimic synaptic (brain-like) behaviour |
| PM-UDAY Scheme – Delhi Colonies | 1,511 unauthorised colonies in Delhi to be regularised on “as-is where-is” basis • PM-UDAY Scheme launched 2019 (Pradhan Mantri Unauthorised Colonies in Delhi Awas Adhikar Yojana) |
| PMMY – 11 Years | Completes 11 years on April 8, 2026 • Launched 2015 • Motto: “Funding the Unfunded” • Total disbursed: ₹40.07 lakh crore through 57.79 crore loans • ~2/3 loans sanctioned to women entrepreneurs • Collateral-free loans for non-corporate, non-farm activities • Shishu (up to ₹50k) | Kishor (₹50k–₹5L) | Tarun (₹5L–₹10L) | Tarun Plus (₹10L–₹20L, since 2024–25) |
| Womaniya Initiative – GeM | Launched 2019 • Enables women entrepreneurs and SHGs to sell on Government e-Marketplace (GeM) |
| India – 3rd in Renewable Energy Globally | 3rd globally in renewable energy installed capacity (surpassed Brazil) • Total renewable: ~250 GW | Non-fossil: 283.46 GW • Reached 50% power capacity from non-fossil sources in 2025 — ahead of 2030 target |
| National Textile Market Survey 2024 | Ministry of Textiles report • Total textile market: ₹4.89 lakh crore (2010) → ₹14.95 lakh crore (2024) • Domestic market: ₹12.02 lakh crore • Household demand: ₹8.77 lakh crore • Per capita demand: ₹2,119 (2010) → ₹6,066 (2024) |
| NITI Aayog – Women’s Credit Report | “From Borrowers to Builders: Women and India’s Evolving Credit Market” released April 7, 2026 • Women’s credit portfolio: ₹76 lakh crore (26% of total system credit) |
| ISSAR 2025 – Space Debris | 315 successful space launches worldwide in 2025 • 4,651 objects placed in orbit — highest ever in a single year • India’s total satellites in orbit: 86 |
| INS Aridhaman (S4) – Nuclear Triad | 3rd Arihant-class SSBN (nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine) commissioned • India now has complete Nuclear Triad: Land + Air + Sea nuclear capability • Only 5 nations with Nuclear Triad: India, USA, Russia, China, France |
| India–Egypt Exercise ‘Cyclone-IV’ | 4th edition of India–Egypt Joint Special Forces Exercise |
| SMOPS-2026 Space Conference | 2nd International Conference on Spacecraft Mission Operations • April 8–10, 2026, Bengaluru • Theme: “Innovative Operations for Smart and Sustainable Space Mission Management – Next Generation” |
| World Health Day – 7 April | Observed every year on April 7 • Marks WHO’s founding in 1948 • Theme 2026: “Together for Health: Stand with Science” |
| World Homoeopathy Day – 10 April | Marks birth anniversary of Dr. Samuel Hahnemann (founder of homoeopathy) • Theme 2026: “Homoeopathy for Sustainable Health” |
| Tô Lâm – President of Vietnam | Elected President of Socialist Republic of Vietnam on April 7, 2026 • Capital: Hanoi • Currency: Vietnamese Dong • Major river: Mekong River • One of Asia’s fastest-growing economies |
| C.D. Gopinath – Cricket Legend | India’s oldest living Test cricketer, passed away at age 96 in Chennai • Part of India’s first-ever Test victory against England in 1952 |
| Battle of Vizagapatnam (1804) | September 1804 • Naval engagement between British East India Company and French Naval Forces off the Visakhapatnam coast |
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