Current Affairs 28 October 2026
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International Current Affairs
Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva Wins Brazil’s 2026 Presidential Election
Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva has won Brazil’s 2026 presidential election, securing a fourth presidential term after defeating Flávio Bolsonaro of the Liberal Party (PL) in the second-round runoff election. Brazil is the largest country in South America and a founding member of BRICS, making its presidential elections important for India’s diplomatic and economic relations with Latin America.
National Current Affairs
Tummidihatti Barrage
The Tummidihatti Barrage is a proposed irrigation project across the Pranahita River, located on the Telangana–Maharashtra border. The project aims to facilitate the diversion of river water for irrigation purposes, with an emphasis on gravity-based water conveyance to reduce dependence on electricity-intensive pumping systems.
The project recently came into focus after Telangana Chief Minister A. Revanth Reddy requested Maharashtra Chief Minister Devendra Fadnavis to consider increasing the proposed barrage height from 148 metres to 152 metres. The original height of 148 metres was envisaged under a 2016 agreement between the two States.
Ranks and Reports
Annual Survey of Unincorporated Sector Enterprises (ASUSE) 2027–28
The National Statistics Office (NSO) has been conducting ASUSE since 2021–22 to collect comprehensive statistical information on India’s unincorporated non-agricultural sector. This sector includes enterprises engaged in manufacturing, trade and services that contribute significantly to employment, livelihoods and Gross Value Added (GVA). The survey supports economic analysis, national accounting and evidence-based policymaking.
For the first time, ASUSE 2027–28 will include questions on gender-specific constraints faced by women entrepreneurs in operating and managing their establishments. Additional questions will collect information on electricity sources used by enterprises and investment in fixed assets over a longer reference period.
Miscellaneous
Jal Sanchay Jan Bhagidari: Catch the Rain 2026 Campaign
The Ministry of Jal Shakti is implementing the Jal Sanchay Jan Bhagidari: Catch the Rain (JSJB: CTR) 2026 campaign to strengthen rainwater harvesting, groundwater recharge and community participation in water conservation. Launched on 1 June 2026, the initiative integrates the Jal Sanchay Jan Bhagidari programme with the Jal Shakti Abhiyan: Catch the Rain (JSA: CTR) campaign.
According to a Press Information Bureau (PIB) backgrounder released on 26 October 2026, more than 1.55 crore artificial recharge and storage structures have been constructed under the JSJB initiative. An impact evaluation of JSJB 1.0 assessed 23 lakh structures using rainfall data from June to December 2025 and estimated that these interventions contributed 2.43 billion cubic metres of groundwater recharge.
Daily Current Affairs Quiz
Q1. With reference to the proposed Annual Survey of Unincorporated Sector Enterprises (ASUSE) 2027–28, consider the following statements:
1. The survey period is proposed to be shifted from the calendar year to the financial year, beginning in April 2027.
2. For the first time, the survey will include questions on gender-specific constraints faced by women entrepreneurs.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A. 1 only
B. 2 only
C. Both 1 and 2
D. Neither 1 nor 2
Show Answer
Answer: C. Both 1 and 2
Explanation: Both statements are correct. The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation has proposed shifting ASUSE 2027–28 to the financial-year cycle, covering April 2027 to March 2028. The survey will also introduce questions on gender-specific constraints faced by women entrepreneurs for the first time.
Q2. With reference to the Jal Sanchay Jan Bhagidari: Catch the Rain (JSJB: CTR) 2026 campaign, consider the following statements:
1. The campaign was launched on 1 June 2026 by integrating Jal Sanchay Jan Bhagidari with the Jal Shakti Abhiyan: Catch the Rain initiative.
2. The impact evaluation of JSJB 1.0 estimated groundwater recharge of 2.43 billion cubic metres through the assessed water conservation structures.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A. 1 only
B. 2 only
C. Both 1 and 2
D. Neither 1 nor 2
Show Answer
Answer: C. Both 1 and 2
Explanation: Both statements are correct. The Jal Sanchay Jan Bhagidari: Catch the Rain (JSJB: CTR) campaign was launched on 1 June 2026 by integrating the JSJB initiative with Jal Shakti Abhiyan: Catch the Rain. An impact evaluation of JSJB 1.0 assessed 23 lakh water conservation structures and estimated groundwater recharge of 2.43 billion cubic metres.
Q3. Who was re-elected as the President of Brazil for a historic fourth term in October 2026?
A. Jair Bolsonaro
B. Flávio Bolsonaro
C. Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva
D. Geraldo Alckmin
Show Answer
Answer: C. Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva
Explanation: Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva of the Workers’ Party (PT) was re-elected President of Brazil for a fourth, non-consecutive term in the runoff election held on 25 October 2026. He secured 51.79% of valid votes (approximately 64.26 million), defeating Flávio Bolsonaro of the Liberal Party (PL), who received 48.21%. Lula’s victory was notable because he had finished behind Bolsonaro in the first round of voting.
Q4. With reference to the Tummidihatti Barrage, consider the following statements:
1. Tummidihatti Barrage is a proposed irrigation project by the Maharashtra Government.
2. The barrage is proposed to be constructed across the Pranahita River on the Telangana–Maharashtra border.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A. 1 only
B. 2 only
C. Both 1 and 2
D. Neither 1 nor 2
Show Answer
Answer: B. 2 only
Explanation: Statement 1 is incorrect. Tummidihatti Barrage is a proposed irrigation project of the Telangana Government, requiring coordination with Maharashtra because of its location on the inter-State border. Statement 2 is correct. The barrage is proposed across the Pranahita River on the Telangana–Maharashtra border.
Q5. With reference to Double Fortified Salt (DFS), consider the following statements:
1. Double Fortified Salt contains both iron and iodine and is used to address micronutrient deficiencies.
2. Double Fortified Salt is a cost-effective solution for preventing iron-deficiency anaemia.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
A. 1 only
B. 2 only
C. Both 1 and 2
D. Neither 1 nor 2
Show Answer
Answer: C. Both 1 and 2
Explanation: Both statements are correct. Double Fortified Salt (DFS) contains iron and iodine, helping address iron deficiency and iodine deficiency. DFS is considered a cost-effective intervention for preventing iron-deficiency anaemia because salt is widely consumed. Its estimated annual cost is ₹14–₹20 per person, with an estimated benefit-cost ratio of 4.2:1 for nationwide introduction. DFS can complement existing interventions under Anaemia Mukt Bharat.
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