Current Affairs 05 December 2025

పి ఐ బి కరెంట్ అఫైర్స్

International Cheetah Day – 04 December

The International Cheetah Day was observed on 04 December every year. There are fewer than 7500 cheetahs remaining in the world. International Cheetah Day theme 2025 is “Change the World to Save the Cheetah”.

Mandatory HUID for Silver Jewellery

The Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) has made Hallmarking Unique Identification (HUID) mandatory for all hallmarked silver jewellery and artefacts starting 1 September 2025. Although silver hallmarking itself remains voluntary, any hallmarked silver article must now carry a unique 6-digit alphanumeric HUID code.

HUID is a six-digit alphanumeric code laser-marked on each hallmarked silver article, in addition to the BIS Standard Mark, the word SILVER, and the purity grade. 

HUID ensures:

• Digital traceability
• Purity assurance
• Elimination of fake hallmarking
• Easy verification through the BIS CARE App (Android & iOS)

Exercise GARUDA SHAKTI

The 10th edition of the India–Indonesia Joint Special Forces Exercise GARUDA SHAKTI began at the Special Forces Training School, Bakloh, Himachal Pradesh, and will run from 03–12 December 2025.

Exercise GARUDA

The 8th edition of Exercise Garuda, a major bilateral air exercise between the Indian Air Force (IAF) and the French Air and Space Force (FASF), concluded on 27 November 2025 at Air Base 118, Mont-de-Marsan, France.

Deep Ocean Mission & IMD Weather Tech Upgrades

Under the Deep Ocean Mission, is advancing technology to harvest polymetallic nodules from ocean depths of nearly 5,500 metres. This work is being executed by the National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT), enabling the country to explore deep-sea resources crucial for future material needs.

The India Meteorological Department (IMD) has strengthened its weather observation infrastructure by installing 15 unmanned H-AWOS (Heliport Automated Weather Observation Systems) across multiple heliports including Rohini, Agati, Kohima, Pakyong, and others.

IMD has significantly expanded public-access weather services through mobile applications such as:

• MAUSAM App – Weather forecasts & warnings
• MEGHDOOT App – Agro-meteorological advisories
• DAMINI App – Lightning warnings
• UMANG App – Integrated weather information

Ministry of Tribal Affairs Schemes

The Ministry of Tribal Affairs is implementing several flagship schemes to uplift tribal communities across India:

1.DhartiAaba Janjatiya Gram Utkarsh Abhiyan

• Launched on 2 October 2024 by the Prime Minister.
• Aims to bridge infrastructural gaps in 63,843 tribal villages.
• Covers 5 crore tribals across 549 districts.
• Budget: ₹79,156 crore (Central: ₹56,333 Cr + State: ₹22,823 Cr).
• Implemented by 17 Ministries, covering 25 interventions.

2. PM Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan (PM-JANMAN)

• Launched on 15 November 2023 (Janjatiya Gaurav Divas).
• Budget: ₹24,000 crore.
• Focuses on PVTG households, ensuring saturation of basic facilities—housing, water, sanitation, connectivity, education, health, and livelihood.
• Target completion in 3 years.

3. Pradhan Mantri Janjatiya Vikas Mission (PMJVM)

• Integrates MFP-MSP scheme + Institutional Support Scheme.
• Ensures Minimum Support Price (MSP) for Minor Forest Produce and strengthens tribal value chains, marketing, and livelihood.

4. Eklavya Model Residential Schools (EMRS)

• High-quality schools for tribal students, modeled on Navodaya Vidyalayas.
• Target: 728 EMRSs across India, benefiting 3.5 lakh ST students.
• One EMRS in each block with >50% ST population and ≥20,000 tribal persons.

5. Grants under Article 275(1)

• 100% central grants to States for improving administration in Scheduled Areas.
• Funds support infrastructure in education, health, sanitation, skill development, etc.

6. Grant-in-Aid to Voluntary Organizations

• Funds NGOs working for ST welfare—schools, hostels, health centers, mobile dispensaries, livelihood projects.

7. Pre-Matric & Post-Matric Scholarships for ST Students

• Pre-Matric (Class IX–X): Income limit ₹2.5 lakh; ₹225 for day scholars, ₹525 for hostellers.
• Post-Matric: Income limit ₹2.5 lakh; reimbursement of compulsory fees + monthly scholarship.

8. National Overseas Scholarship for ST Candidates

• 20 awards/year (17 for STs + 3 for PVTGs).
• Income limit: ₹6 lakh.

9. National Fellowship & Scholarships for Higher Education

• Top-Class Scholarship: For ST students in IITs, IIMs, AIIMS, NITs etc.
• National Fellowship: 750 fellowships/year for MPhil/PhD.

10. Support to Tribal Research Institutes (TRIs)

• 100% central funding for strengthening TRIs.
• Supports tribal cultural preservation, museums, research, documentation, training.

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