Current Affairs 01 September 2025

Current Affairs 01 September 2025 is essential for staying updated with the latest news and developments around the globe.

Current Affairs 01 September 2025

PIB Current Affairs

SCO Summit 2025

SCO Summit was held from August 31 to September 1, 2025, in Tianjin, China.
This is 5th time China is conducting the SCO Summit.
The meeting was held at the Hai River, also known as the Peiho is a Chinese river connecting Beijing to Tianjin and the Bohai Sea.

Theme of SCO Summit 2025

• Push for a multipolar world and reduced reliance on Western financial systems.
• Regional security cooperation against terrorism, drugs, and transnational crime.
• Economic integration: proposals for new financial mechanisms under the SCO.

Key Outcomes

• Tianjin Declaration adopted by leaders.
• SCO Development Strategy 2026–2035.
• A SCO Anti‑Drug Center will be established as a permanent body, headquartered in Dushanbe.
• A SCO Universal Center for Countering Challenges and Threats to the Security of Member States will also be set up as a permanent body, based in Tashkent.
• This Universal Center will include a Center for Countering International Organized Crime located in Bishkek as a branch.

SCO Member Countries

As of 2025, the SCO has 10 members:
China, Russia, India, Pakistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Iran and Belarus.

Summary of 125th Episode of ‘Mann ki Baat’

• The first Khelo India Water Sports Festival in the country and that too was held at Dal Lake in Srinagar. Madhya Pradesh, which won the maximum number of medals, followed by Haryana and Odisha.
• Rashmita Sahu – canoeing player from Odisha.
• ‘Pratibha Setu’ – ‘Pratibha Setu’ stores the data of those candidates who cleared all the stages of various exams of UPSC, but their name did not appear in the final merit list. There is a databank of over ten thousand such bright youngsters on this portal.
• Football craze in village Shahdol in Madhya Pradesh.
• Devki, who lives in Ratanpura village of Muzaffarpur, Bihar is now called as Solar Didi.
• A statue of Maharishi Valmiki was unveiled at a small town of Italy, Camp-Rotondo.
• A 51 feet tall statue of Lord Shri Ram was also unveiled in Mississauga, Canada.

IUCAA Study on Mira Stars & the Cosmic Expansion Rate (Hubble Constant)

What’s new in this IUCAA study?

• A team led by Prof. Anupam Bhardwaj (IUCAA) used 40 oxygen-rich Mira variable stars in 18 clusters of our galaxy to refine the cosmic distance ladder.
• Oxygen-rich Mira stars.
• Mira stars are old, pulsating stars in their final life stages.
• They have a very regular brightness cycle (they pulsate like a heartbeat).
• This makes them excellent standard candles, even more reliable in some cases than Cepheids.
• Using Mira stars, they recalculated the Hubble constant (H₀).

What is the Hubble Constant (H₀)?

• The universe is expanding—galaxies are moving away from each other.
• Hubble Constant (H₀) tells us how fast this expansion is happening.
• Think of it like the speedometer of the universe.
• Astronomers use “standard candles”—objects whose brightness is well known (like Cepheid stars or supernovae).

Mira Stars

• Mira (Omicron Ceti) was the first discovered variable star, known since the 17th century for its changing brightness.
• Mira variables are cool, giant stars in the late stages of life that expand and contract in cycles lasting 100–1,000 days.
• Their brightness is strongly linked to their pulsation period, making them useful as standard candles to measure cosmic distances.

Digital India Milestone

• NeGD Achieves Pan-India Integration of Nearly 2,000 e-Government Services on DigiLocker and e-District Platforms.
• Citizens from all 36 States and UT’s now Access Certificates, Welfare Schemes, Utility Payments and More Citizen Centric Services Anytime, Anywhere.
• Top 3 States providing highest number of services:
• Maharashtra (254), Delhi (123), Karnataka (113) and in Andhra Pradesh 76 services available.

About NeGD (National e-Governance Division)

• National e-Governance Division was created by the Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology in 2009 as an Independent Business Division under the Digital India Corporation , a section 8 not-for-profit company.
• National Public Digital Platforms developed by NeGD
• DigiLocker, Entity Locker, UMANG, OpenForge, API Setu, myScheme, India Stack Global, Meri Pehchaan, UX4G.
• NeGD contributes directly to Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 16: “Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions.
• SDG 16.6: Develop effective, accountable, and transparent institutions at all levels.
• SDG 16.10: Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms.

Dial 112 Jan Rakshak

• Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation Shri Amit Shah inaugurates Janrakshak projects under Dial 112 in Ahmedabad.
• Now people will get any kind of security related service like disaster management, child helpline, women helpline, fire service, ambulance and police assistance in a very short time by just dialing one number, 112.

Hindu Current Affairs

42% quota for BCs Bill passed by Telangana State

The Telangana government passed a bill on 42% reservation for Backward Classes (BCs) in local body elections by Telangana Municipalities (Third Amendment) Bill, 2025, and the Telangana Panchayat Raj (Third Amendment) Act, 2025.

What is a Cloudburst?

• A cloudburst is an extreme amount of precipitation in a short period of time, sometimes accompanied by hail and thunder, which is capable of creating flood conditions.
• However, cloudbursts are infrequent as they occur only via orographic lift or occasionally when a warm air parcel mixes with cooler air, resulting in sudden condensation.
• The India Meteorological Department (IMD) specifies two conditions that must be met for a rainfall event to be classified as a cloudburst:
  • Rainfall intensity: A downpour of 100 millimeters or more per hour.
  • Geographical area: The intense rainfall must be concentrated over a small area, typically measuring approximately 20 to 30 square kilometers.

Tamil Nadu began Underwater Archaeological Exploration

• The Tamil Nadu State Department of Archaeology will launch underwater archaeological explorations in the second week of September 2025.
• The places are off the coast between Poompuhar (Kaveripoompattinam) and Nagapattinam.
• Poompuhar (Kaveripoompattinam): Capital of the early Cholas, a flourishing ancient port city.
• Nagapattinam: A major medieval trade hub with links to Southeast Asia.

Indian Rosewood (Dalbergia latifolia)

• Only 17.2% of India’s suitable habitat for Dalbergia latifolia (Indian rosewood) lies within protected areas, according to habitat modelling by the Institute of Wood Science and Technology (IWST), Bengaluru.
• Indian rosewood, often called the “ivory of the forests”, is valued for furniture, handicrafts, and its ecological role as a nitrogen fixer and carbon sink.
• Field studies (2019–2025) by the Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education show a sharp decline in population: Tamil Nadu recorded just 2.85 trees per 0.1 hectare, compared to 6.19 in Karnataka and 5.38 in Kerala.

Ramon Magsaysay Award 2025

• Educate Girls, an Indian non-profit organisation (from Rajasthan founder: Safeena Husain), has been named as one of the three winners of the Ramon Magsaysay Award 2025.
• The other winners are:
  • Shaahina Ali (Maldives) – environmental activist.
  • Flaviano Antonio L. Villanueva (Philippines) – human rights defender, known for opposing Duterte’s drug war.
• About the Award:
  • Established in 1958 to celebrate “greatness of spirit and transformative leadership in Asia.” Considered the Nobel Prize of Asia.

Pradhan Mantri Viksit Bharat Rozgar Yojana

• Launched in Union Budget 2024–25 and announced in PM’s 12th Independence Day speech.
• Outlay: ₹1 lakh crore.
• Target: Create 3.5 crore jobs in two years.

Key Features

• Dual Incentives:
  • Part A (Workers): First-time employees get up to ₹15,000 (two instalments).
  • Part B (Employers): Incentive of up to ₹3,000/month per new hire.

• India has moved from the 10th largest economy in 2014 to the 4th largest in 2025, with 17 crore jobs created in the last decade (2004–14: only 2.9 crore).
• Social security coverage expanded rapidly: from 19% in 2015 to 64.3% in 2025 (94 crore beneficiaries). The ILO recognised it as one of the fastest expansions globally.
• India’s demographic dividend: 65% of population under 35. Youth employability, formalisation, and social security are seen as key to turning possibility into prosperity.

Police Commissionerate System in Raipur

• On Independence Day 2025, Chhattisgarh CM Vishnu Deo Sai announced that the Police Commissionerate system will be implemented in Raipur.
• Raipur will be the first city in Chhattisgarh to adopt this system.

About the Police Commissionerate System

• A chain of command and control where executive magistrate powers are vested in senior police officers.
• Removes delays between police and magistrates in matters of crime control and public order.
• The Police Commissioner is accountable for all aspects of policing.

Legal Framework

• Earlier (under CrPC): Only metropolitan areas with population >10 lakh (2011 Census) could have Police Commissioners.
• New law: Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS), 2023 the earlier condition is now removed.
  • States can now entrust powers to any SP-rank officer or above.
  • Sections 14 & 15 of BNSS deal with this power transfer.

Statehood of Jammu & Kashmir

• The Supreme Court has sought a detailed response from the Centre on restoring statehood to Jammu & Kashmir (J&K) while hearing the plea Zahoor Ahmed Bhat vs UT of Jammu and Kashmir.
• Argument: Failure to restore statehood violates citizens’ rights, federalism, and thereby the basic structure of the Constitution.

Constitutional Background

• Three processes of creating States:
  • Admission – e.g., J&K acceded to India via Instrument of Accession (1947).
  • Establishment – via acquisition in international law (e.g., Goa, Sikkim).
  • Formation – reorganisation under Article 3 (altering area, boundaries, or name of States).
• Article 3 allows Parliament to reorganise States but does not allow converting a State into a Union Territory permanently → doing so undermines federalism.
• India’s federal design:
  • Constitution uses the term “Union of States” (Article 1), not federation.
  • Ensures unity while maintaining federal character.
  • Federalism is part of the Basic Structure.
  • Rajya Sabha (Article 83) is permanent → guarantees States’ representation.

Eenadu Current Affairs

Kurnool IIT got 9th Place in the world

Kurnool IIIT earned 9th place at the World Architecture Festival 2024 held in Singapore. IIIT Kurnool competed with the 760 institutions of various countries and has earned 9th place.

These are today’s Current Affairs 01 September 2025.