Answer: B. Jharsuguda
Explanation: Prime Minister Narendra Modi visited Jharsuguda, Odisha, on 27th September 2025, where he inaugurated and laid the foundation for projects exceeding ₹60,000 crore across sectors like telecom, railways, higher education, skill development, healthcare, and housing.

Answer: B. Hanle, Ladakh
Explanation: The **3rd Hanle Dark Sky Reserve (HDSR) Star Party** was held at **Hanle in eastern Ladakh** from **18–23 September 2025**. The event was organised jointly by the **Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA)**, **Department of Wildlife Protection (UT Ladakh)**, and **Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC)** to promote astro-tourism and scientific outreach under India’s first Dark Sky Reserve initiative.

Answer: C. Raman Research Institute (RRI), Bengaluru
Explanation: Scientists at the Raman Research Institute (RRI), supported by the Department of Science and Technology (DST), have developed a new dual-trap optical tweezers system that uses backward-scattered light and a confocal detection scheme to eliminate signal interference between traps. This innovation enhances accuracy and versatility in biological, medical, and nanoscience research.

Answer: B. New Delhi
Explanation: India is hosting the 12th World Para Athletics Championships 2025 in New Delhi from 27 September to 5 October 2025, featuring 186 medal events and participants from over 100 nations. The first Para Athletics Games were held in Rome.

Answer: C. Malaysia
Explanation: World Tourism Day 2025 was observed on 27 September with the theme “Tourism and Sustainable Transformation.” Malaysia hosted the global celebrations and the World Tourism Conference (WTC) 2025 in the city of Melaka.

Answer: B. Netherlands
Explanation: The Netherlands-based **APM Terminals** signed an agreement with the **Andhra Pradesh Maritime Board** to develop the **Ramayapatnam, Machilipatnam, and Mulapeta ports**, investing around **₹9,000 crore** to transform Andhra Pradesh into a leading **maritime trade and logistics hub**.

Answer: C. Andhra Pradesh
Explanation: The Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly, led by **Chief Minister N. Chandrababu Naidu**, passed the Bill to **repeal the NALA Act** to streamline land-use procedures, boost the **Ease of Doing Business**, and promote **economic growth** in the State.

Answer: B. Iran
Explanation: In September 2025, **Iran** signed a **$25 billion nuclear power deal** with **Russia’s Rosatom** to construct **four power plants** in **Sirik, Hormozgan Province**, each with a capacity of **1,255 MW**, marking a major step in expanding its civilian nuclear energy program.

Answer: C. Karnataka
Explanation: The **Karnataka Government** began India’s **first survey for gender minorities** on **September 15, 2025**, across all 31 districts to collect accurate data on transgender and intersex people. The survey aims to help frame inclusive welfare policies and improve access to housing, education, and healthcare.

Answer: C. Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)
Explanation: The **DRDO** received **The Hindu businessline’s Changemaker of the Year Award 2025** for its contribution to India’s strategic defence technology and its successful role in **Operation Sindoor**, which strengthened national security and self-reliance in defence systems.

Answer: A. V.V.S.S. Sarma
Explanation: **Dr. V.V.S.S. Sarma**, Chief Scientist and Scientist-in-Charge of the **CSIR–NIO Regional Centre, Visakhapatnam**, received the **National Geoscience Award 2024** from **President Droupadi Murmu** for his exceptional contributions to **Geoscience research and ocean studies**.